- Molecular NameChloroquine
- SynonymChloraquine; Chlorochine; Chloroquina; Chloroquine Phosphate; Chloroquinium; Chlorquin; Clorochina; Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate
- Weight319.88
- Drugbank_IDDB00608
- ACS_NO54-05-7
- Show 3D model
- LogP (experiment)4.474
- LogP (predicted, AB/LogP v2.0)4.67
- pka8.4, 10.8
- LogD (pH=7, predicted)0.58
- Solubility (experiment)0.0106 mg/ml
- LogS (predicted, ACD/Labs)(ph=7)-1.27
- LogSw (predicted, AB/LogsW2.0)0.01
- Sw (mg/ml) (predicted, ACD/Labs)0.03
- No.of HBond Donors0
- No.of HBond Acceptors3
- No.of Rotatable Bonds8
- TPSA19.37
- StatusFDA approved
- AdministrationN/A
- PharmacologyA 4-aminoquinoline drug used in the treatment or prevention of malaria.
- Absorption_value100.0
- Absorption (description)Rapidly absorbed after oral administration and widely distributed into body tissues.
- Caco_2N/A
- Bioavailability80.0
- Protein binding54.7
- Volume of distribution (VD)132~261 L/kg
- Blood/Plasma Partitioning ratio (D_blood)Plasma: whole blood ratio, about 0.3.
- MetabollsmMetabolic reactions include N-dealkylation and deamination followed by conjugation, possibly with glucuronic acid, of the carboxylic acid metabolites; the metabolites include monodesethyl- and didesethylchloroquine, 4-(7-chloroquinol-4-ylamino)pentan-1-ol, and 4-(7-chloroquinol-4-ylamino)pentanoic acid and its conjugate.
- Half life10~24 days
- ExcretionChloroquine is excreted slowly and may persist in the tissues for prolonged periods; about 55% is excreted in the urine and about 10% is eliminated in the faeces in 90 days following therapy with 310 mg of the phosphate daily for 14 days; the urinary excretion of unchanged drug is dependent upon urinary pH and larger amounts are excreted in acid urine than in alkaline urine; of the material excreted in the urine, about 70% is unchanged, 23% is monodesethylchloroquine, 1 to 2% is didesethylchloroquine and an unidentified metabolite, and 1 to 2% is conjugated carboxylic acid metabolites. Chloroquine and its monodesethyl metabolite are both distributed into breast milk.
- Urinary Excretion52~58
- Clerance3.7 ml/min/kg (after IV administration)
- ToxicityDoses as low as 1 g have caused deaths in children and fatalities have occurred in adults after the ingestion of 3 to 44 g. Plasma concentrations greater than 0.6 mg/L may produce toxic effects and concentrations greater than 3 mg/L may be fatal.
- LD50 (rat)N/A
- LD50 (mouse)N/A