- Molecular NameChlordiazepoxide
- SynonymNA
- Weight299.761
- Drugbank_IDDB00475
- ACS_NO58-25-3
- Show 3D model
- LogP (experiment)2.853
- LogP (predicted, AB/LogP v2.0)2.27
- pka4.8
- LogD (pH=7, predicted)2.27
- Solubility (experiment)2 mg/ml
- LogS (predicted, ACD/Labs)(ph=7)-0.65
- LogSw (predicted, AB/LogsW2.0)0.22
- Sw (mg/ml) (predicted, ACD/Labs)67.51
- No.of HBond Donors1
- No.of HBond Acceptors4
- No.of Rotatable Bonds2
- TPSA44.47
- StatusFDA approved
- AdministrationN/A
- PharmacologyA sedative/hypnotic drug and benzodiazepine derivative.
- Absorption_value100.0
- Absorption (description)Readily absorbed after oral administration;. Peak plasma levels are found after 1 to 2 h.
- Caco_2N/A
- Bioavailability100.0
- Protein binding96.5
- Volume of distribution (VD)0.3 to 0.6 L/kg
- Blood/Plasma Partitioning ratio (D_blood)N/A
- MetabollsmMetabolised by demethylation and subsequent deamination to the active metabolites desmethylchlordiazepoxide and demoxepam. Demoxepam is further metabolised by hydrolysis with cleavage of the lactam ring and by reduction to desmethyldiazepam (nordazepam) followed by hydroxylation to oxazepam (desmethyldiazepam and oxazepam are also pharmacologically active).
- Half life15 h (chlordiazepoxide); 40 h (demoxepam); 40~100 h (desmethyldiazepam), but there is considerable intersubject variation
- ExcretionAbout 60% of a dose is excreted in the urine and 10 to 20% is eliminated in the faeces; less than 1% of a dose is excreted in the urine unchanged, about 6% is excreted as demoxepam, and the remainder as ring-opened derivatives and glucuronide conjugates of oxazepam and other hydroxylated metabolites. Chlordiazepoxide passes into the cerebrospinal fluid and breast milk and crosses the placenta.
- Urinary ExcretionN/A
- Clerance0.5 ml/min/kg.
- ToxicityToxic reactions may be produced by plasma concentrations greater than 3 mg/L; plasma concentrations in the region of 20 mg/L may produce coma or death, but fatalities caused by chlordiazepoxide alone are rare. Recoveries have occurred after the ingestion of single doses of about 2 g. The following postmortem chlordiazepoxide tissue concentrations were reported in a fatality in which death occurred 18 to 20 h after the ingestion of an unknown quantity of chlordiazepoxide: blood 26.4 mg/L, bile 39 mg/L, kidney 11 μg/g, liver 10 μg/g, spleen 9 μg/g, urine 7.8 mg/L. [H. Moheni,Bull. Int. Assoc. Forensic Toxicol.,1975, 11(2), 17–18.]
- LD50 (rat)LD50=537 mg/kg
- LD50 (mouse)LD50=877