- Molecular NameGemcitabine
- SynonymNA
- Weight263.2
- Drugbank_IDDB00441
- ACS_NO95058-81-4
- Show 3D model
- LogP (experiment)N/A
- LogP (predicted, AB/LogP v2.0)-2.01
- pka3.6
- LogD (pH=7, predicted)-2.01
- Solubility (experiment)Soluble
- LogS (predicted, ACD/Labs)(ph=7)-2.23
- LogSw (predicted, AB/LogsW2.0)606.51
- Sw (mg/ml) (predicted, ACD/Labs)1.56
- No.of HBond Donors4
- No.of HBond Acceptors7
- No.of Rotatable Bonds2
- TPSA108.38
- StatusFDA approved
- AdministrationOral, intravenous
- PharmacologyA nucleoside analog used as chemotherapy.
- Absorption_value100.0
- Absorption (description)N/A
- Caco_2N/A
- BioavailabilityN/A
- Protein binding0.0
- Volume of distribution (VD)1.4 L/kg
- Blood/Plasma Partitioning ratio (D_blood)N/A
- MetabollsmFollowing intravenous administration, gemcitabine is rapidly cleared from blood and is metabolised by cytidine deaminase in the liver, kidney, blood and other tissues. The pharmacokinetics of gemcitabine are significantly affected by gender and age of patient and length of time over which the drug is infused.
- Half life0.63 h
- ExcretionClearance is approx. 30% lower in women compared to men. It is not distributed extensively into tissues. Less than 10% of the drug is excreted in urine as the unchanged drug and the rest as metabolites. Approx. 1% of a dose is excreted in faeces. The primary, inactive metabolite is dFdU (2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluorouridine) which has been observed in both plasma and urine. Other metabolites detected in plasma and urine include the gemcitabine mono, di and triphosphates, the latter are considered active.
- Urinary Excretion<10
- Clerance37.8 ml/min/kg
- ToxicityThe most severe toxicity is possible life-threatening oesophagitis and pneumonitis observed in patients receiving radical radiotherapy to thorax in association with gemcitabine.
- LD50 (rat)N/A
- LD50 (mouse)N/A