- Molecular NameMepivacaine
- SynonymDL-Mepivacaine; Mepivacaina [INN-Spanish]; Mepivacaine HCL; mepivacaine hydrochloride; Mepivacainum [INN-Latin]; Mepivicaine; S-Ropivacaine Mesylate
- Weight246.354
- Drugbank_IDDB00961
- ACS_NO96-88-8
- Show 2D model
- LogP (experiment)1.9
- LogP (predicted, AB/LogP v2.0)1.95
- pka7.7
- LogD (pH=7, predicted)1.33
- Solubility (experiment)7 mg/ml
- LogS (predicted, ACD/Labs)(ph=7)-1.3
- LogSw (predicted, AB/LogsW2.0)5.28
- Sw (mg/ml) (predicted, ACD/Labs)1.94
- No.of HBond Donors1
- No.of HBond Acceptors3
- No.of Rotatable Bonds2
- TPSA32.34
- StatusFDA approved
- AdministrationN/A
- PharmacologyMepivicaine is a local anesthetic of the amide type. Mepivicaine as a reasonably rapid onset and medium duration and is known by the proprietary names as Carbocaine and Polocaine. Mepivicaine is used in local infiltration and regional anesthesia.
- Absorption_valueN/A
- Absorption (description)sorbed locally. The rate of systemic absorption of local anesthetics is dependent upon the total dose and concentration of drug administered, the route of administration, the vascularity of the administration site, and the presence or absence of epinephrine in the anesthetic solution.
- Caco_2N/A
- Bioavailability55.0
- Protein binding77.0
- Volume of distribution (VD)1 L/kg
- Blood/Plasma Partitioning ratio (D_blood)Plasma : whole blood ratio, 1.1.
- MetabollsmRapidly metabolised by hydroxylation to the 3′- and 4′-hydroxy metabolites and by N-demethylation to 2′,6′-pipecoloxylidide (PPX).
- Half life2~3 h
- ExcretionOver 50% is excreted as metabolites into the bile but only small amounts are eliminated in the faeces; this may be due to enterohepatic circulation. Less than 10% of a dose is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug in 24 h; about 16% of a dose is excreted in the 24-h urine as 3′-hydroxymepivacaine, 12% as 4′-hydroxymepivacaine, and 2% as 2′,6′-pipecoloxylidide; the excretion of unchanged drug is increased in acid urine and in neonates.
- Urinary ExcretionN/A
- Clerance5 ml/min/kg
- ToxicityMepivacaine had been given as a local anaesthetic (between 75 and 150 mL of a 2% solution) to a young woman who died while undergoing cosmetic surgery. Postmortem concentrations were: blood 50 mg/L, bile 50 mg/L, brain 51 μg/g, kidney 51 μg/g, liver 75 μg/g, spleen 72 μg/g. Salicylate and glutethimide were also found in the blood and urine [I. Sunshine and W. W. Fike,N. Engl. J. Med.,1964, 271, 487–490].
- LD50 (rat)N/A
- LD50 (mouse)LD50= 23~35 mg/kg (intravenous); 280 mg/kg (subcutaneous)