• Molecular NameEthambutol
  • SynonymAethambutolum; D-Ethambutol; EMB; Etambutol [INN-Spanish]; Etambutolo [DCIT]; Ethambutol dihydrochloride; Ethambutol HCL; Ethambutol Hydrochloride; Ethambutol, racemic mixture; Ethambutolum [INN-Latin]
  • Weight204.314
  • Drugbank_IDDB00330
  • ACS_NO74-55-5
  • Show 2D model
  • LogP (experiment)N/A
  • LogP (predicted, AB/LogP v2.0)-0.58
  • pka6.35; 9.35
  • LogD (pH=7, predicted)-2.88
  • Solubility (experiment)Soluble
  • LogS (predicted, ACD/Labs)(ph=7)0.69
  • LogSw (predicted, AB/LogsW2.0)1077.97
  • Sw (mg/ml) (predicted, ACD/Labs)502.94
  • No.of HBond Donors4
  • No.of HBond Acceptors4
  • No.of Rotatable Bonds9
  • TPSA64.52
  • StatusFDA approved
  • AdministrationN/A
  • PharmacologyA bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug prescribed to treat tuberculosis.
  • Absorption_value80.0
  • Absorption (description)Readily absorbed after oral administration.
  • Caco_2N/A
  • Bioavailability77.0
  • Protein binding18.0
  • Volume of distribution (VD)1.6 L/kg
  • Blood/Plasma Partitioning ratio (D_blood)Plasma:whole blood ratio, 0.6 to 0.9.
  • MetabollsmHepatic. Up to 15% of administered drug is metabolized to inactive metabolites. The main path of metabolism appears to be an initial oxidation of the alcohol to an aldehydic intermediate, followed by conversion to a dicarboxylic acid.
  • Half life3.1 h
  • ExcretionAbout 50 to 70% of a dose is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug in 24 h, and up to 15% may be excreted as inactive aldehyde and carboxylic acid metabolites; up to 20% of an oral dose may be eliminated in the faeces.
  • Urinary Excretion79
  • Clerance8.6 ml/min/kg.
  • ToxicityToxic effects are usually associated with plasma concentrations greater than 6 mg/L. The most commonly recognized toxic effect of ethambutol is optic neuropathy, which generally is considered uncommon and reversible in medical literature. Other side effects that have been observed are pruritus, joint pain, gastrointestinal upset, abdominal pain, malaise, headache, dizziness, mental confusion, disorientation, and possible hallucinations.
  • LD50 (rat)N/A
  • LD50 (mouse)N/A