- Molecular NameDiphenoxylate
- SynonymDea No; 9170; Difenossilato [Dcit]; Difenoxilato [INN-Spanish]; Diphenoxalate; Diphenoxylate Hydrochloride; Diphenoxylatum [INN-Latin]
- Weight452.598
- Drugbank_IDDB01081
- ACS_NO915-30-0
- Show 2D model
- LogP (experiment)7.385
- LogP (predicted, AB/LogP v2.0)6.25
- pka7.1
- LogD (pH=7, predicted)5.71
- Solubility (experiment)0.8 mg/ml
- LogS (predicted, ACD/Labs)(ph=7)-5.07
- LogSw (predicted, AB/LogsW2.0)0.0
- Sw (mg/ml) (predicted, ACD/Labs)0.0
- No.of HBond Donors0
- No.of HBond Acceptors4
- No.of Rotatable Bonds10
- TPSA53.33
- StatusFDA approved
- AdministrationN/A
- PharmacologyAn opioid agonist used for the treatment of diarrhea that acts by slowing intestinal contractions and peristalsis allowing the body to consolidate intestinal contents and prolong transit time, thus allowing the intestines to draw moisture out of them at a normal or higher rate and therefore stop the formation of loose and liquid stools. It is the main active ingredient in the anti-peristaltic medication Lomotil, which also contains atropine as noted below.
- Absorption_valueN/A
- Absorption (description)Rapidly absorbed after oral administration but it is usually administered together with a small quantity of atropine and this may delay absorption, especially with high doses.
- Caco_2N/A
- Bioavailability90.0
- Protein binding84.5
- Volume of distribution (VD)4 L/kg
- Blood/Plasma Partitioning ratio (D_blood)N/A
- MetabollsmIt is extensively metabolised by hydrolysis, hydroxylation, and conjugation with glucuronic acid. The major metabolites are diphenoxylic acid (difenoxin), which is active, and hydroxydiphenoxylic acid in both free and conjugated forms.
- Half lifediphenoxylate about 2.5 h, diphenoxylic acid about 4 h.
- ExcretionAbout 14% and 50% of a dose, respectively, is excreted in the urine and faeces in 96 h; less than 0.1% of a dose is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug in 24 h.
- Urinary ExcretionN/A
- CleranceN/A
- ToxicityDiphenoxylate has addiction-producing properties. The estimated minimum lethal dose is 0.2 g although recovery has occurred after the ingestion of 0.75 g. Coma, dry skin and mucous membranes, enlarged pupils of the eyes, extremely high body temperature, flushing, involuntary eyeball movement, lower than normal muscle tone, pinpoint pupils, rapid heartbeat, restlessness, sluggishness, suppressed breathing
- LD50 (rat)LD50=221 (po)
- LD50 (mouse)N/A